Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

v3.23.1
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
NOTE K – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
Engineering,
Procurement and Construction Contract
 
On April 30, 2020, GCE Acquisitions entered into an Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement with a national engineering firm pursuant to which this firm agreed to provide services for the engineering, procurement, construction, (“EPC”) start-up and testing of the Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Refinery. The agreement, which was assigned by GCE Acquisitions to BKRF OCB, LLC, the borrower under the
Senior Credit Agreement
, provides for this engineering firm to be paid on a cost-plus fee basis subject to a guaranteed maximum price of $201.4 million, subject to increase for approved change orders. As of May 17, 2021, the remaining balance of the contract was approximately $151 million. On May 19, 2021 we notified our original EPC firm that we were terminating the EPC Agreement, effective immediately. The cumulative billing on the EPC contract through June 30, 2021 was $63.2 million. The
two
major subcontracts for the Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Refinery were not terminated and were subsumed in the new replacement EPC agreement (see below). Accordingly, the
two
major subcontractors have continued to provide their services for the Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Refinery.

On May 18, 2021, our BKRF subsidiary and CTCI Americas, Inc., a Texas corporation (“CTCI”), entered into a Turnkey Agreement with a guaranteed maximum price for the Engineering, Procurement and Construction of the Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Project (the “CTCI EPC Agreement”). CTCI Americas is a leading provider of reliable engineering, procurement and construction services, including for the refinery market. Under the CTCI EPC Agreement, CTCI has agreed to provide services to complete the engineering, procurement, construction, pre-commissioning, commissioning, start-up and testing of our renewable diesel production facility under construction in Bakersfield, California. The guaranteed maximum price under the CTCI EPC Agreement, comprising CTCI’s fees and costs, including direct costs, overhead fees and the contractor’s fee was $178 million. The obligations of CTCI have been guaranteed by CTCI Corporation, the Taiwanese parent company of CTCI.

On January 10, 2023, our BKRF subsidiary entered into Amendment No. 2 (the “Amendment”) to the CTCI EPC Agreement. Pursuant to the Amendment, BKRF and CTCI agreed to, among other things: (i) a new guaranteed maximum price of $
275
million (subject to
upward
adjustment pending final settlement of certain change orders pursuant to the procedures set forth in the Amendment) (the “New GMP”); (ii) a change to the payment dates for costs and fees that are payable to CTCI under the CTCI EPC Agreement, which will now be payable after substantial completion of our Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Refinery (the “Project”) in 18 monthly installments; and (iii) provide for liquidated damages commencing on a new substantial completion date of March 31, 2023, which may only be adjusted in accordance with the CTCI EPC Agreement.
In connection with the Amendment, the Company agreed to provide a payment guarantee in favor of CTCI for amounts that may be owed by BKRF under the CTCI EPC Agreement, pursuant to an owner parent guarantee, dated as of January 10, 2023, by and between the Company and CTCI.

As part of
the Amendment to the CTCI EPC Agreement whereby the Company is deferring its payments to CTCI for all amounts owed as of January 10, 2023 and subsequent billings up to a total of $275 million, subject to certain adjustments, until the first of the month following the achievement of substantial completion of its Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Refinery. Payments will then be scheduled equally over eighteen months,
except for
accrued interest through the first payment shall be due with the first principal payment and then accrued interest shall be added to each subsequent month accordingly. The interest rate shall be the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal on the Amendment Effective Date, adjusted up or down monthly on the first day of each month thereafter should the Wall Street Journal prime rate fluctuate, plus 50 basis points (
i.e.
, 0.5%). The interest rate will be recalculated on the first day of each month thereafter. The Company has paid $146.3 million to CTCI with the remaining amount owed as principal of $128.7 million which brings the full amount
recorded
to $275 million and is subject to certain adjustments, such as additive change orders.

On April 13, 2023, the Company received notice from CTCI demanding mediation and arbitration in connection with outstanding change order claims, and for other compensation it believes it is owed under the CTCI EPC Agreement.  Pursuant to the demand, CTCI is seeking $550 million in total compensation under the CTCI EPC Agreement through the end of the project.  While the Company is evaluating CTCI’s claims, it believes that many of CTCI's change order claims are without merit, and the Company intends to vigorously defend its position, including by asserting all rights, defenses and counterclaims that the Company may have under the CTCI EPC Agreement and at law. CTCI has separately advised the Company that it will continue work on the project site during the pendency of the proceedings. As of April 17, 2023, the Company does not expect that the acceptance of any change orders identified in the Amendment is probable to aggregating to an amount above the New GMP. Amounts, if any, that would be in excess of the New GMP are not reasonably estimable, and as such an amount or range cannot be established. 



 
The following table summarizes the minimum required payments of the EPC deferred payments as of December 31, 2022 assuming substantial completion is achieved by July 2023:
 
 
 
EPC deferred payments
 
2023
 
$
35,749,538
 
2024
 
 
85,798,891
 
2025
 
 
7,149,908
 
Total
 
$
128,698,337
 
 
Environmental Remediation Liabilities

In connection with the acquisition of the Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Refinery in 2020, BKRF OCB, LLC agreed to undertake certain clean-up activities at the refinery and provide a guarantee for liabilities arising from the clean-up. The Company has assumed significant environmental and clean-up liabilities associated with the purchase of the Bakersfield refinery.
 
The Company recognizes its asset retirement obligation and environmental remediation liabilities and has estimated such liabilities as of its acquisition date. It is the Company’s policy to accrue environmental and clean-up related costs of a non-capital nature when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Environmental remediation liabilities represent the current estimated costs to investigate and remediate contamination at our properties. This estimate is based on internal and third-party assessments of the extent of the contamination, the selected remediation technology and review of applicable environmental regulations, typically considering estimated activities and costs for 20 years, and up to 30 years if a longer period is believed reasonably necessary. Accruals for estimated costs from environmental remediation obligations generally are recognized no later than completion of the remedial feasibility study and include, but are not limited to, costs to perform remedial actions and costs of machinery and equipment that are dedicated to the remedial actions and that do not have an alternative use. Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. We discount environmental remediation liabilities to their present value if payments are fixed and determinable. However, as the timing and amount of these costs were undeterminable as of December 31, 2022, these costs have not been discounted. Expenditures for equipment necessary for environmental issues relating to ongoing operations are capitalized. Changes in laws and regulations and actual remediation expenses compared to historical experience could significantly impact our results of operations and financial position. We believe the estimates selected, in each instance, represent our best estimate of future outcomes, but the actual outcomes could differ from the estimates selected. At December 31, 2022, accrued environmental remediation liability costs totaled $20.4 million of which $4.4 million have been classified as current liabilities. At December 31, 2021, accrued environmental liabilities totaled $20.8 million of which $1.3 million have been classified as current liabilities.
 
Leases

We recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and lease liability for each operating and finance lease with a contractual term greater than 12 months at the time of lease inception. We include ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that exist within other contracts. Leases with an original term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet, and the rent expense related to those short-term leases is recognized over the lease term. We do not account for lease and non-lease (e.g. common area maintenance) components of contracts separately for any underlying asset class.
 
We lease certain manufacturing equipment, warehouses, office space, and vehicles under finance and operating leases. Lease commencement occurs on the date we take possession or control of the property or equipment. Original terms for our real estate-related leases are generally between three and five years. Original terms for equipment-related leases, primarily manufacturing equipment and vehicles, are generally between one and ten years. Some of our leases also include rental escalation clauses. Renewal options are included in the determination of lease payments when management determines the options are reasonably certain of exercise, considering financial performance, strategic importance and/or invested capital.
 
If readily determinable, the rate implicit in the lease is used to discount lease payments to present value; however, substantially all of our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. When the implicit rate is not determinable, our estimated incremental borrowing rate is utilized, determined on a collateralized basis, to discount lease payments based on information available at lease commencement.
 
Total lease costs recorded include fixed operating lease costs and variable lease costs. Most of our real estate leases require payment of certain expenses, such as common area maintenance costs, of which the fixed portion is included in operating lease costs. We recognize operating lease costs on a straight-line basis over the lease term. In addition to the above costs, variable lease costs are recognized when probable and are not included in determining the present value of our lease liability.


The ROU asset is measured at the initial amount of the lease liability (calculated as the present value of lease payments over the term of the lease) adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date and initial direct costs. For operating leases, ROU assets are reduced over the lease term by the recognized straight-line lease expense less the amount of accretion of the lease liability determined using the effective interest method. For finance leases, ROU assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the useful life of the leased asset or the lease term. Interest expense on each finance lease liability is recognized utilizing the effective interest method. ROU assets are tested for impairment in the same manner as long-lived assets and we determined there have been no triggering events for impairment. Additionally, we monitor for events or changes in circumstances that may require a reassessment of one of our leases and determine if a remeasurement is required.
 
In September 2022, the Company reassessed the terms of the finance lease agreement for a building in Great Falls, Montana.  The Company determined that it was no longer reasonably certain that the purchase option would be exercised within the term of the lease due to cash needs in other areas of the SusOils business.  Therefore, the Company has changed the lease classification from a finance lease to an operating lease and reclassed and remeasured the building asset to a right-of-use asset and lease liability 
 
The table below presents the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded on the balance sheet at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
 
Leases
 
Classification
 
 
As of December 31, 2022
 
 
As of December 31, 2021
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating lease assets
 
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
 
 
$
5,332,110
 
 
$
481,027
 
Finance lease assets
 
 
Buildings, net of depreciation
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
3,433,005
 
Total lease assets
 
 
 
 
 
$
5,332,110
 
 
$
3,914,032
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
 
Current portion of operating lease obligations
 
 
$
1,897,303
 
 
$
198,440
 
Finance
 
 
Notes payable including current portion of long-term debt
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
714,659
 
Non-current
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
 
Operating lease obligations, net of current portion
 
 
 
3,090,002
 
 
 
283,197
 
Finance
 
 
Long-term debt, net
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
2,831,284
 
Total lease liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
$
4,987,305
 
 
$
4,027,580
 
 
The table below presents the components of lease costs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
 
Leases
 
 
 
Classification
 
 
Year ended
December 31, 2022
 
 
Year ended
December 31, 2021
 
Operating Expenses
 
 
 
 


 
 


 
Operating lease cost
 
General and administrative expense
 
 
$
875,228
 
 
$
94,265
 
Finance lease cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of leased assets
 
Depreciation expense
 
 
 
368,007
 
 
 
134,128
 
Interest on lease liabilities
 
Interest expense, net
 
 
 
93,853
 
 
 
15,872
 
Total lease costs
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,337,088
 
 
$
244,265
 
 

 
The table below presents the weighted average remaining lease terms and weighted average discount rates for the Company's leases as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
 
 
 
As of December 31,
2022
 
 
 
 
As of December 31,
2021
 
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating leases
 
 
2.6
 
 
 
2.2
 
Financing leases
 
 
-
 
 
 
4.8
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average discount rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating leases
 
 
4.61
%
 
 
1.00
%
Financing leases
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
4.25
%
 
The table below presents the maturity of the lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022:
 
 
 
Operating leases
 
2023
 
$
1,910,016
 
2024
 
 
1,847,011
 
2025
 
 
1,274,060
 
2026
 
 
229,587
 
2027
 
 
8,589
 
Thereafter
 
 
1,432
 
Total lease payments:
 
 
5,270,695
 
Less: present value discount
 
 
(283,390
)
Total lease liabilities
 
$
4,987,305
 
 
Legal
 
On February 28, 2023, we received notice from ExxonMobil, that effective as of July 1, 2023, ExxonMobil was irrevocably terminating the Offtake Agreement without any further action of ExxonMobil, upon failure of the Bakersfield Renewable Fuels Refinery to commence operations contemplated by the Offtake Agreement by June 30, 2023.  The Company believes that ExxonMobil’s purported termination of the Offtake Agreement is ineffective, and the Company reserves and will enforce all its rights under the Offtake Agreement, including without limitation those rights that automatically extend the Start Date.
 
On March 1, 2023, we received notice that ExxonMobil, in its capacity as a holder of Series C Preferred stock, filed a complaint against the Company in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware to compel inspection of the Company’s books and records under Section 220 of the Delaware General Corporation Law in relation to alleged wrongdoing by our management. It is possible that one or more additional stockholder suits could be filed pertaining to the subject matter of the Section 220 Demand. While the Company intends to comply with applicable law, it believes the allegations described in the complaint are without merit.
 
In August 2020, Wood Warren & Co. Securities, LLC (“Wood Warren”) filed a complaint in the Superior Court of California, Alameda County, against GCEH Acquisitions titled
Wood Warren & Co Securities, LLC vs. GCE Holdings Acquisitions, LLC
, Case No. RG 20072242, alleging that GCEH Acquisitions breached a consulting agreement with it. Wood Warren alleged damages of $1.2 million plus interest. The Company settled the matter in the second quarter of 2022 and such amount is not material to the financial statements.
 
BKRF, formerly Alon Bakersfield Property, Inc., is one of the parties to an action pending in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. In June 2019, the jury awarded the plaintiffs approximately $6.7 million against Alon Bakersfield Property, Inc. and Paramount Petroleum Corporation (a parent company of Alon Bakersfield Property, Inc. at the time of the award in 2019). Under the agreements pursuant to which we purchased BKRF, Alon Paramount agreed to assume and be liable for (and to indemnify, defend, and hold BKRF harmless from) this litigation. In addition, Paramount Petroleum Corporation has posted a bond to cover this judgment amount. All legal fees in this matter are being paid by Alon Paramount. As Paramount Petroleum Corporation and the Company are jointly and severally liable for the judgment, and Paramount Petroleum Corporation has agreed to absorb all of the liability and has posted a bond to cover the judgment amount, no loss has been accrued by the Company with respect to this matter.
In August 2021, the Ninth Circuit partially remanded the case to the district court to ascertain whether it possesses jurisdiction over the Company.  If the district court determines that it lacks jurisdiction, then the claims against the Company will be dismissed.
 
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may face various claims brought by third parties and the Company may, from time to time, make claims or take legal actions to assert the Company’s rights, including intellectual property rights, contractual disputes and other commercial disputes. Any of these claims could subject the Company to litigation. Management believes the outcomes of currently pending claims will not likely have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.


Indemnities and Guarantees
 
In addition to the indemnification provisions contained in the Company’s organization documents, the Company generally enters into separate indemnification agreements with the Company’s directors and officers. These agreements require the Company, among other things, to indemnify the director or officer against specified expenses and liabilities, such as attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlements, paid by the individual in connection with any action, suit or proceeding arising out of the individual’s status or service as the Company’s directors or officers, other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct or conduct that is knowingly fraudulent or deliberately dishonest, and to advance expenses incurred by the individual in connection with any proceeding against the individual with respect to which the individual may be entitled to indemnification by the Company. The Company also indemnifies its lessor in connection with its facility lease for certain claims arising from the use of the facility. These guarantees and indemnities do not provide for any limitation of the maximum potential future payments the Company could be obligated to make. Historically, the Company has not been obligated nor incurred any payments for these obligations and, therefore, no liabilities have been recorded for these indemnities and guarantees in the accompanying consolidated
ba
lance sheets.