Note 8 – Stock Options and Warrants

Stock Options and Compensation-Based Warrants

The Company has an incentive stock option plan wherein 20,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock are reserved for issuance thereunder.

Additionally, Richard Palmer, the President of the Company has been granted stock options to purchase 12,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to the Company’s achievement of certain market capitalization goals.

No income tax benefit has been recognized for share-based compensation arrangements.  The Company has recognized plantation development costs totaling $124,565 related to a liability that was satisfied by the issuance of warrants in 2008.  Otherwise, no share-based compensation cost has been capitalized in theconsolidated balance sheet.

A summary of the status of options and compensation-based warrants at September 30, 2013, and changes during the nine months then ended is presented in the following table:

The fair value of other stock option grants and compensation-based warrants is estimated on the date of grant or issuance using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  Options to purchase 6,850,000 shares of common stock were issued in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013 and none in the nine-month period ended 2012. The weighted average fair value of stock options issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as $0.15.  The weighted-average assumptions used for the stock options granted and compensation-based warrants issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 were risk-free interest rate of 1.13%, volatility of 181%, expected life of 5.0 years, and dividend yield of zero. The expected life of stock options represents the period of time that the stock options granted are expected to be outstanding prior to exercise. The expected volatility is based on the historical price volatility of the Company’s common stock. The risk-free interest rate represents the U.S. Treasury constant maturities rate for the expected life of the related stock options. The dividend yield represents anticipated cash dividends to be paid over the expected life of the stock options. The intrinsic values are based on a September 30, 2013 closing price of $0.02 per share.

Share-based compensation from all sources recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 was $122,690 and $39,204, respectively, and is reported as general and administrative expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.  As of September 30, 2013, there is approximately $55,765 of unrecognized compensation cost related to stock-based payments that will be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately .34 years.

Stock Warrants

A summary of the status of the warrants outstanding at September 30, 2013, and changes during the nine months then ended is presented in the following table: